Nonlinear Spectrum Modulation in the Anomalous Dispersion Regime Using Second- and Third-Order Solitons

We study the robustness of a nonlinear frequency-division multiplexing (NFDM) system, based on Zakharov-Shabat spectral problem (ZSSP), that is comprised two independent quadrature phase-shift keyed (QPSK) channels modulated in discrete spectrum associated with distinct eigenvalues. Among many fiber impairments may limit this we focus determining limits due to third-order dispersion, Raman effect, amplified spontaneous emission (ASE) noise from erbium-doped amplifiers (EDFAs), and losses lumped gain EDFAs. examine impact these 1600-km system by analyzing Q-factor calculated error vector magnitude (EVM) received symbols. found maximum launch power is: 13 dBm 11 3 gain, 2 three combined ASE noise. The all comparable conventional wavelength-division (WDM) even though WDM systems can operate over much larger bandwidth and, consequently, have higher data throughput when compared NFDM systems. find practical transmission EDFAs most stringent limiting factor performance system.